INDICATIONS AND USAGE（适应症）

Cycloserine is indicated in the treatment of active pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis (including renal disease) when the causative organisms are susceptible to this drug and when treatment with the primary medications (streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampin, and ethambutol) has proved inadequate. Like all antituberculosis drugs, cycloserine should be administered in conjunction with other effective chemotherapy and not as the sole therapeutic agent.

DOSAGE（服用剂量）

Cycloserine is effective orally and is currently administered only by this route. The usual dosage is 500 mg to 1 g daily in divided doses monitored by blood levels. The initial adult dosage most frequently given is 250 mg twice daily at 12-hour intervals for the first 2 weeks. A daily dosage of 1 g should not be exceeded.

ADVERSE REACTIONS（不良反应）

Most adverse reactions occurring during therapy with cycloserine involve the nervous system or are manifestations of drug hypersensitivity. The following side effects have been observed in patients receiving cycloserine:

Nervous system symptoms (which appear to be related to higher dosages of the drug, i.e., more than 500 mg daily)

• Convulsions

• Drowsiness and somnolence

• Headache

• Tremor

• Dysarthria

• Vertigo

• Confusion and disorientation with loss of memory

• Psychoses, possibly with suicidal tendencies

• Character changes

• Hyperirritability

• Aggression

• Paresis

• Hyperreflexia

• Paresthesia

• Major & minor (localized) clonic seizures

• Coma

Cardiovascular: Sudden development of congestive heart failure in patients receiving 1 to 1.5 g of cycloserine daily has been reported

Allergy (apparently not related to dosage)

Skin rash

Miscellaneous: Elevated serum transaminase, especially in patients with preexisting liver disease

For full information, please refer to:

https://nctr-crs.fda.gov/fdalabel/services/spl/set-ids/f7ad9d0d-3f3e-4116-8bc4-8d76da4b75ae/spl-doc?hl=cycloserine

Coxerininformation